Womens Novels free essay sample

Compares novels portrayals of women, Canadian culture, characterizations, world views, settings. The Handmaids Tale ( Margaret Atwood ) Maria Chapdelaine ( Louis Hemon ) There is a wide gulf separating the French-Canadian work Maria Chapdelaine by Louis Hmon and The Handmaids Tale by Margaret Atwood, but there are also certain characteristics linking the two works as expressions of a certain worldview, especially toward the role of women in society. Hmon writes a realistic account of rural life among French Canadians in the early part of this century, while Atwood offers a speculative dramatization of a dystopian society such as might develop in the future if certain trends she perceives in contemporary society continue. One thing that links the two works is a certain view of women and their ability to transcend the roles given them by society, though Atwood is quite self-conscious in presenting this theme while Hmon merely demonstrates an attitude toward women without making it a central or overt issue. We will write a custom essay sample on Womens Novels or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The differences have

BPA Plastic Essay Example

BPA Plastic Essay Example BPA Plastic Essay BPA Plastic Essay A Closer Look Into Bisphenol A: Definition, Influences And Actions Taken To Minimize The Exposure It is a universal truth that plastics have become part and parcel of modern life. However, there is much concern these days about the credibility of this daily item where some parties stated that plastics are detrimental to the users. Walsh (2010) mentioned that during the yesteryears, it was believed that even though plastic bottle contains chemicals that could infiltrate the human body, but as the quantity of the dose was too low, the effect was negligible. As biomonitoring improved, scientists iscovered that people were carrying much more chemicals than expected where some toxins would harm at extremely low levels. By that, Gurd (2007) stressed that there was a need to pay attention to the type of plastic that was used to produce water bottle. This can be done by checking the recycle symbol on the plastic-made- bottle where 2, 4 and 5 was representing high density polyethylene, low density polyethylene and polypropylene respectively. For instances, these bottles were fine. The bottle marked with 1 was only recommended to be used once only while 7 is the orst case among all as these bottles made of polycarbonate (PC) plastics may leach Bisphenol A (SPA). In order to gain a deeper understanding on the related issues of BPA, we should now take a scrutiny into this chemical; definitions, habits, the side effects and the efforts implemented to minimize the exposure of BPA to human. What is BPA? BPA is commonly linked to PC plastics which is a hard plastic used to make refillable bottles for students and camper (Harvard School of Public Health (HSPH), 2009). Hence, what is the relationship between BPA and PC Plastics? HSPH efined PC plastic bottles as an imperative contributor to the quantity of BPA in the humans body. Supporting HSPHs perspective, De Coensel, David and Sandra (2009) further explained about BPA as the principal monomer in the production of PC plastics. These kinds of plastics which are strong, durable and possess good physical stability at high temperature are widely used to manufacture baby bottles too. Besides, Gurd (2007) also added that these colorful and fabulous plastics are marked with recycling symbol 7 and may leach BPA. Statistics showed that consumerism on BPA is becoming bigger nowadays as 2. 7 billion kilogram of these chemicals are produced globally every year (Walsh, 2010). Based on the study done by researchers of HSPH, they realized that participants who drank cold liquids for a week from PC bottles had shown a two-thirds increase of BPA in their bodies. According to Michels, associate professor of epidemiology at HSPH and senior author of this study, the levels of BPA will be considerably higher given that those bottles was heated. Due to that, attention should be drawn to babies since they are particularly susceptible to BPAs endocrine disrupting potential. Hence, there is a need for knowing how the migration of BPA from bottles occurred. Basically, at higher temperatures, hydrolysis of PCs can take place, releasing traces of BPA that eventually leached into food and beverages (De Coensel et al. ). Walsh in his article had cited that, The CDC or Center for Disease Americans over the age of 6 and the levels observed are considered well below the federal safety threshold of . 0 micrograms per kg. of body weight per day. scientists have learned more about the effects of even a bit of SPA. In short, the effects of BPA should not be looked from a narrow and shallow context and there is a need to further investigate the negative impacts of this chemical. With the objective of understanding the nature of BPA, an experiment carried out by De Coensel et al. (2009), concluding that the higher the temperature, the more t he BPA is released from the bottles. The method was simply done by heating water- containing-bottles that spiked with some d6-BPA at 4 selected temperatures with condition that the liquid was allowed to contact with the bottles for 30 minutes. The esult obtained vividly proved that BPA which brought along a lot of disadvantages exists within our daily life. Walsh (2010) in his article, The Perils Of Plastics strongly criticized that BPA, as a synthetic estrogen has the ability to mimic hormones, such as testosterone and adrenalin. Thus, immense biological and behavioral changes might be occurred if BPA did mirror the hormones role, especially if the people exposed to this chemical was undergoing critical period of development like the first trimester of gestation. In addition, Walsh also expressed his concern on children who are articularly vulnerable to chemical exposure, as their eating habits are more relative to their body weight compare to adults. Meanwhile, Walshs perspective where BPA is an estrogen was supported by Gurd (2007) who further described this chemical as xenoestrogen, an endocrine disruptor agent that can disturb our bodies hormonal messaging. Nevertheless, Gurd highlighted that xenoestrogens is harmful enough to cause breast and uterine cancer in women while testosterone levels in men were reduced. Apart from that, BPA can also lead to insulin resistance and Type 2 Diabetes. Having said that, HSPH (2009) pointed out that not only human can be the victims with the risks of suffering from cardiovascular diseases, to make the matter worse, animals reproductive development too, will be stunted if exposed to BPA. Another strange phenomenon was discovered by HSPH after another research was done by researchers from HSPH- 77 Harvard College students were ordered to drink cold beverages from stainless steel bottles for one week and provided urine sample as an effort to minimize BPA exposure. After the culmination of this Washout period, he participants were then entrusted with the obligation of drinking cold beverages from PC bottles for 7 days and provided urine sample. Instead of observing the BPA concentration, the spotlight was focused on the students urinary concentrations for the first time which were increased by 69% after they drank with PC bottles. However, the final result cannot clearly indicate that whether the escalating in urine concentration is good or bad to the user. Thus, even though BPA had taken a toll in our health, countries at every single nook and corner of the world always try to take tern and serious prompt in remedying this problem, as to create a more sustainable environment for us to live with. In the context of minimizing BPA, Canada prohibited the use of this chemical in PC baby bottles in 2008 (HSPH, 2009). On the other hand, Gurd (2007) mentioned that Europe also took initiative to ban all products made for children below age 3 that contained BPA in 2006. Later in 2007, a billion dollar class action suit was commenced against some US baby bottles company, such as Gerber and Playtex. By that, Gurd ad also suggested some alternatives like replacing PC plastics bottles with glass brass while avoiding to be exposed to sunlight, and always checks the recycling symbol on your plastics-made item. Moreover, Walsh (2010) also sincerely appreciated peoples effort in reducing BPA as he cited in his passage that, In January 2010, the Obama Administration launched a $30 million study of BPA over concern that children in the early stages of development are exposed to the chemical. In contrast, Walsh realized that some industry defenders raised the conflict that xposure of human to BPA was still considered to be well below the safety levels set by the government. Besides, they declared that the health agencies around the world claimed that BPA was safe for humans and excreted within one day or so. However, its ubiquity also proved that human were exposed to BPA almost every day. No matter what, Judging from different aspects, plastics bottles can be helpful sometimes due to the portability and characteristics that do not break when we drop them. In conclusion, people in this millennium always tend to neglect the importance of nderstanding the composition of the objects they used every day. PC plastics bottle which contains BPA chemical can be detrimental in depriving one from being hale and hearty. Hence, there is a need to rectify this problem immediately with the help of cooperation among countries and implementation of scientific knowledge in finding solutions to minimize BPA exposure to human. It is an undeniable fact that if we can find ways to decrease our dependence on plastic-made object, human future will definitely undergo dramatic change, being free from BPA, a harmful chemical.

Small and Medium Enterprises in the USA Case Study

Small and Medium Enterprises in the USA - Case Study Example In this chapter, all the problems and issues that are associated with a small scale business have been discussed, including their aims and objectives and how these businesses function on such a small scale. Their main sources of finance, as well as profit capabilities, have been discussed, as well as the ways by which these businesses tend to make money.  ASME functions on a very small level and the employees that are usually working in an SME are quite illiterate or do not have the desired level of qualification that is needed. Commonly, a small scale business can be functional in several ways. For instance, a small handicraft business would be regarded as an SME. This is because i) the number of profits generated by a business is quite low and not consistent and ii) the number of employees that are working in an SME is lower than 50, which is the actual limitation set by the European Commission. A ‘medium’ sized business is one which functions on a slightly larger sc ale as compared to a small business, and as described by the EU Commission, the number of employees in a medium scale business is more than 50 but less than 250. There are several issues that arose while this research was undertaken. Due to the lack of records that are unavailable, most of the research had to be undertaken on a purely qualitative level and very little quantitative data was found with which a proper extract an idea could be generated about small business. Furthermore, the types of businesses that are functioning on a small scale level are quite diverse. For instance, an online business is a small scale business, because the profits generated online are usually not as high as compared to a large scale business, and the numbers of employees in such a business are usually quite low. On the other hand, an agricultural business is also a small scale business, because the number of employees that are hired for agricultural purposes is not that high, and therefore their ill iteracy causes a huge hindrance in proper communication (Goodman, 2003).  Ã‚  Ã‚   Another research issue that arose was the fact that a small business keeps very little records of their past dealings because of the lack of space or storage data. Therefore, most of the claims made by small businesses could not be verified and only after extensive research could it be found whether the word of a small scale business entrepreneur was true or not. This caused a problem because all data that had to be included in the research needed to be verified and validated, and it took a lot of effort and intellect in order to come up with the right results.

Working budget of $ 2 billion Methods research Coursework

Working budget of $ 2 billion Methods research - Coursework Example Using the three electronic resources, compile the required data for the 48 countries in an Excel spreadsheet (each row should represent a country and each column should contain the data for one variable). Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is very important in the calculation of the national income of any country. The GDP is calculated by adding the market value of all the final goods or services produced within a country in a given financial year. to be more specific no intermediate goods but only the final products or services because if intermediate goods are also taken into consideration then there would be the error of double calculation in the national income of the country. The GDP of a country is arrived at by adding the sum involved in the consumption activities, the investment activities, the spending by the government of the country and also the net exports (which is derived by deducting the gross imports from the gross exports). GDP = Cn + It + Gs + E(e-i) Where Cn = consumptio n, It = investment, Gs= Government spending, E= net exports, i= imports, e= exports. The exogenous model is also called as the most suitable model which is needed to understand and frame the long term economic growth of a country. Excel sheet attached. 2. Read the compiled data into Stata, and estimate the empirical model. Test the following null and alternative hypotheses: gen Lypc 2005 =log( ypc2005) gen Lypc1990 =log( ypc1990) gen diferrence lypc=log(ypc2005)-log(ypc1990) gen lseced = log(seced) gen infl= log( cpi1990)-log( cpi1985) inflation regress dlypc Lypc1990 lseced govgdp open infl credit (i) H0:?2=?3=?4=?5=?6=?7=0 against H1:?j?0 for at least one j?(2...7), using a significance level of 0.05. = = = 1.81 The Decision rule is that we can : Accept H0 if F0.05 Reject H0 if ?>F0.05 where F0.05 is the 5% critical value from F(k–1, n–k): in this case F(7–1,48–7), or F(6,41). F0.05 = 2.34 Decision is accept H0: F plays a significant role as F is the de termining factor of arriving at conclusions. The use of the independent variables has not assisted in predicting the dependent variable (dlypc). (ii) H0:?2=0 against H0:?2?0 using a significance level of 0.05. ii) H0:?2=0 against H1:?2?0 at a significance level of 0.05 ? = = = -2.68 Decision rule: Accept H0 if -t0.025 ? ? ? t0.025 Reject H0 if ? t0.025 ?t0.025 from t(41) is ?2.04 Decision is reject H0.: it means the variable (lypc90) has a significance impact in the depended variable (dlypc). We can see that there is a contradiction between the test in (i) and (ii). In (i) we accept that: ?2=?3=?4=?5=?6=?7=0 where in (ii) we reject that :?2=0 . Also, we can check by compare the p-value of the coefficient (0.011)

Brazil Business Process Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Brazil Business Process - Research Paper Example The close relationship is one of the crucial success elements in doing business in Brazil. This paper explores business practices in Brazil, negotiation process and how business etiquette is influenced by the Brazilian culture. Business Practices in Brazil Personal relationships define how Brazilians do business. For someone to do business successfully in Brazil, he or she must first develop the close relationship with a Brazilian within the industry in which he or she wants to operate. The Brazilian contact will then create a link with other important people for the prosperity of the business. Brazilians strongly value family relationships. As such, many Brazilians have the tendency of working for one company. This is because Brazilians prefer to engage in business with those whom they know and trust. Therefore, one must be dedicated to allocating long-term resources, like time and money, in building strong relationships in Brazil in order to create a successful business. Also, in m any cities in Brazil, work begins at 8:30 am and runs up to 5:00 pm. In between, there is usually an hour or two for lunch break. Businesses usually open at 9:00 am to 7:00 pm from Monday to Friday. On Saturday, businesses open at 9:00 am and close at 1:00 pm. However, giant business enterprises may remain open for relatively long hours. In most cases, it is crucial to plan business arrangements two or three weeks prior and authenticate the appointments before and on arrival in Brazil. When scheduling time for the appointments, it is usually advisable to have time allowance between the appointments in case they last longer than expected. Brazilians embrace socializing and passing time with one another. This usually happens during mid-morning tea or coffee breaks and lunch periods. Coffee is usually served before or as meetings progress. Brazilians are usually concerned about dressing, which demands that a person must dress smartly and in a conservative manner (Lee 319). In many case s, Brazilian companies tend to have tall organizational structures. Top executives of the companies make most organizational decisions. Top managerial positions tend to be male-dominated. However, women are currently gaining access to executive roles in some companies. Brazilian business is also influenced by class differences, which is prevalent in both Brazilian societal and business cultures. Economic status and salaries paid to individuals determine the class to which an individual belongs. There are legislations against discrimination and existing class differences in business are faint. Negotiation Process Attitudes and Styles Relationships form a crucial part of negotiation processes in Brazil. Brazilians frequently use distributive as well as contingency bargaining. The buyer is usually perceived to be in a superior position in the negotiation, but both parties (buyer and seller) have the duty to reach a consensus. The main focus is usually on commitments of business partner s and long-term benefits (Jain 420). Competitive negotiation style is a common characteristic of Brazilian negotiations and Brazilians are often insistent negotiators. Proposals should reflect benefits to both parties to a negotiation and none of the negotiating members should manifest intent to win over the other in a negative approach.

Invention Of Mass Media Media Essay

Invention Of Mass Media Media Essay Introduction Since the invention of mass media, mass media has always view as a big influence to the society and threat for certain group of people. This can be trace back to the 18th century, when the first theory about media- mass media theory was created and talks about how strong media is in directly influence people perception and action. Over the years, there are lots of mass media theories that talk about the power of media and how media is use to manipulate and influence people especially the folk culture or so call ordinary people. When talk about mass media theory, a big point that shouldnt be misses out is the rise of media theory in the age of propaganda. Propagandists rely on mass media very much as media reached mass audience. It is the best way for propagandist to change people action according to their own belief and expectation. One of the successful propaganda that has been widely practice was Nazis propaganda during world war one in 1933 to 1939. There are also others famous mass media theory like magic bullet theory, behaviorism, Freudianism and a lot more. Most of the time media often view as a negative influence especially for the elite group, and they claim that media should be control. There are also some theories that talk about the positive of mass media theory. For example, libertarianism theory says that people are good and rational. So media should have 100% freedom to report on everything and people can able to judge and differentiate what is right and wrong by themselves. Although there are a lots of theory argue about the pros and cons of mass media. However, one thing that everyone cannot denial is that mass media are one of the important things in human history especially the digital era like nowadays. The invention of mass media has brought human life to the whole new era and it has become an essential in human life. It helps human to convenient the process of communication between each other and also government nowadays to spread news and new policy to the people. According to Wang Lay Kim (2001), the first media in Malaysia was the English language Government Gazette call as the Prince of Whales Island Gazette (PWIG) in 1st of March 1806 in Penang Island. The last publication was on 21st of July 1827 total duration of 21 years. The first TV station in Malaysia are RTM1 and RTM 2 and then follow by the first privatization TV station which is TV3 in 1984. As mass media act as an important agent between a country and its people or government with the people, there is no exception for Malaysia to use mass media as the change agent for government policies. The mainstream media in Malaysia has always been perceived as an important agent of change for most of the governments policies. The mainstream media include TV stations, radio stations and also newspapers. As a developing country, Malaysias 4th prime minister Tun Dr.Mahathir Bin Mohammad have come out with the policy of vision 2020 which aim to further develop Malaysia into a fully develop country in the year 2020. In the year 2010, Malaysias current prime minister Dato Sri Haji Mohammad Najib bin Tun Haji Abdul Razak introduced the concept of one Malaysia which mainly focus on unite multi races of Malaysian to view themselves as Malaysian without looking at skin, races and language. It is also focus on economic of Malaysia and development of Malaysia to help Malaysia to achieve the g oal of vision 2020. Since the introduction of 1 Malaysia concept, this concept has been widely promote by the government to the citizen using the mainstream media. As the government realizes that peoples reliability towards media is getting more nowadays, people receive most of their information through different type of media. So media is view as the most suitable way to promote the new 1 Malaysia concept. The messages that promote through mass media are not as simple as audience view. Those ideas and concepts have been carefully defined and structure before reach the target audience. Government has used several type of mass media theory to promote the concept of 1 Malaysia. With the help of the theory, it encourages Malaysian to accept the concept of 1 Malaysia mentally and physically. Political economy theory Political economy theory is mainly focus on the study of how the elite control the economics of a country based on the link between politics and base to maintain the hegemonic culture. In this context, the elite will be the government of Malaysia. Political economy theory also says that to understand the media, ones must look at the whole picture which includes the ownership of media and the control group of media. In Malaysia, although most of the mainstream media are privatization but all the media are closely related to the government and political party. For example, according to Wang Lay Kim (2001), Fleet holding, a company that arm by UMNO which have 80% share of the News straits Times Press (NSTP) and majority share in Utusan Melayu Press sin year 1973. Both of these presses have majority readership and circulation in Malaysias newspaper.Fleet holding also have the share of 40% in Malaysia TV station, TV3. Besides, the other Malaysia main English paper, 58% of theStar newspaper is also own by Huaren holding Sdn.Bhd which link to MCA, one of the political party under the government. Cleary, we can see that there is a tight relationship between mainstream media with the political parties. With this point, it is not hard for the government to promote the idea of 1 Malaysia and gain acceptance by the people. The messages first come out by the elite or government through allocative control. Then the media under government in charge of the operational control which manipulate the word and idea before promote to the public to achieve the goal. It is not a surprise that thestar newspaper report atleast one article about the 1 Malaysia concepts per week. For example, 13 September 2012 thestar report about another 1 Malaysia clinic open. 15 September 2012 is about 175 1 Malaysia clinics by year end.16 September 2012, A truly 1 Malaysia day for both side of S.china sea. 19 September 2012, PM launches books of 1 Malaysia. 29 September 2012, Lots of goodies under 1 Malaysia schemes. As we know that, newspaper has always acted as a medium for people to receive information and people tend to believe newspaper as it is more accurate and professional. Government take control on the production of media by reporting the positive news about the 1 Malaysia concepts can surely gain support from the citizen. Hegemony Hegemony talks about elite stay their status quo through coercion and consent. Besides, it also states that force cannot maintain the power of the elite. Persuasion, explanation and understanding make people act willing and happily towards order. The best way for government to spread consent was using the mass media, especially the mainstream media that closely related to the government. Through hegemony and media, media act as a way to educate people how to behave and what to do in their life that consistent with the government goal. We can see how hegemony is use by government to promote the concept of 1 Malaysia in mainstream media like TV and newspaper in Malaysia. First of all, the slogan itself for 1 Malaysia concept Rakyat didahulukan, pencapaian diutamankan in English it means people first, performance now. This is obviously telling people that the government care about the citizen and the future of the country through the promotion of mainstream media every day. In order to achieve the part of consent that stated in hegemony, one of the main focuses of 1 Malaysia concept is to help Malaysia to achieve the goal of vision 2020 which is a fully develop country. Since the introduce of 1 Malaysia concept, Key Performance Indicator (KPI) is introduce by the current prime minister to improve the effectiveness of Malaysian government department for satisfaction of the citizen towards the service and try to shape the positive image of citizen towards the government. Under KPI, a mechanism is provided to evaluate the effectiveness of government agency towards crime prevention, reducing government corruption, increased to quality education, improvement of public transportation, improve the living of low income citizen and rural are infrastructure. Since the election of 2008, electors have lost confident on the government which means Barisan Nasional. It is very important for government to fulfill the need and satisfaction of the citizen which is the part of consent in hegemony. The result of KPI is keep highlight by the mainstream media. In long term effect, people will start to believe that the government did do some changes on the transparency of politic. These help the government to gain confident of the citizen. Besides, mainstream media often cover other news about 1 Malaysia. For example, thestar report an article about the new open 1 Malaysia clinic and grocery shop. This is also a long term effect of persuasion to told the citizen about 1 Malaysia concept are always for the benefit of the citizen, in the other hand, it also means that everyone should support the concept as it only bring benefit to the public. Moreover, the song and slogan of 1 Malaysia are often playing in TV station and radio station. It acts to reinforce people about 1 Malaysia concept are always for the public. Just like the lyrics of 1 Malaysia song. Im 4 U. The use of coercion in hegemony which is law state to control over the content of media towards government report like the printing press and publication act, broadcasting act and official secret act. Combine with the use of consent like ownership of media and control over the content of media. Surely the government can maintain their status quo and spread their ideology to the citizen without the consciousness of the people. People will also accept the concept willing without any force. Marxist Theory Marxist theory talks about that hierarchical class system are the roots of social problem. How base, superstructure and capitalism are closely related to each other. The main premises of Marxism said if the idea of production can be control, people can be control. The ideology of the elite are widely use to dominant public thinking and to maintain the inequality of social class. In human history, social class problem have been discuss generation over generation. However, the inequalities between social classes are still appearing in todays world. For example, riots happened in Malaysia on 13 May 1969 was happen due to the imbalance of economy and social classes between races. It makes Malaysia government realize about the important of economy balance between races. Although the large economy gaps between races in Malaysia are solve through New Economic Policy (NEP), but the problem of social classes are still remain. The government member and royal family of Malaysia are defining as the elite group or aristocrat in Marxist theory. In order for the government to maintain their status quo, the elite own the capitalism with their base. However, for their ideology to spread and accept by people, media are use as a tool by government. According to Wang Lay Kim (2001), Malaysias second privatize TV station Metrovision, the four share holder company was closely related to UMNO. The companies are City television Sdn.Bhd, Melewar Corporation, Utusan Melayu and Medanmas Sdn. Bhd. This can explain how government act as capitalism, own the base which are the media and message production and spread of 1 Malaysia concept which is government ideology to maintain their status quo. In literal, 1Malaysia concept is use to help Malaysian to improve their living condition and upgrade the overall citizen social classes to eliminate poverty. But in the other hand, it is also an ideology to maintain their power. Government realize that to maintain their status quo while achieve peaceful among the bourgeoisie and proletariat or so call Malaysian, 1 Malaysia concept are one of the best way to achieve goal for mutual benefit of the country and the elite. By own the mainstream media and control of the message production, people can be control. Conclusion In conclusion, with the support of political economy, hegemony theory and Marxist theory, I strongly agree that 1 Malaysia concept can be accept by Malaysian with the use of mainstream media. Most of the media theories agree that media have the long term effect on people but not direct effect. When people expose to something for a long term, they tend to believe it. Mainstream media keep reporting the positive news of 1 Malaysian; time by time people will accept it without conscious about it. Besides, mainstream media in Malaysia are directly control by legislative law and indirectly own by the government. With the support of Marxist theory, which says control of the media production, people can be control. It strengthens my opinion towards Malaysian acceptance of 1 Malaysia concept.

Term Limits For Legislators Essay examples -- essays research papers

Term Limits For Legislators When the Constitution of the United States was adopted in 1789, it was without direction regarding term limits for legislators. At the time, professional politicians were unheard of, and the idea of someone serving for more than one or two terms was unlikely. So the Constitution did not formally address the issue of term limits, although it was understood that officeholders would limit themselves to one or two terms and then return to private life (1). With the advent of the modern state, however, came the making of Congress as a career, and thus the voluntary removal of oneself from office, as envisioned by the founders, is no longer regularly undertaken in the United States Congress. The structure of the Congress supports members who have held office for several terms thereby undermining the idea of the citizen-legislator put forth by the founders. Instead of citizens who will soon return to the community that elected them, professional Congress-people spend more time in Washington than in t heir home states, and usually make Congress their career. What has developed in recent years, in response to congressional careerism, is the drive to impose limits on the length of time someone may serve in Congress. Currently, advocates of term limits are calling for two terms in the Senate, and three in the House. It is possible, then, for a member to serve six years in the House, twelve years in the Senate, eight years as Vice President, and eight years as President, a total of thirty-six years. It is not unlikely, therefore, that there will continue to be career politicians. The issue is not about total time that one may participate in government, rather it is about how long one may serve in a particular capacity. Term limits enjoy popular, but not political, support, thereby polarizing the electorate and the elected. This paper will discuss the popular support for term limits, the arguments on both sides, and draw conclusions about the need for Congressional term limits in the United States Support for term limits encompasses close to three-quarters of the American population (2). The question is why. The simple answer is that the American people no longer trust a system they view as corrupt and biased towards the few. But the issue is really not this simple, nor is its basis of support. While on the surface it is corruption and bias... ...'s Path to a Representative Congress" U.S. Term Limits Foundation Outlook Series July, 1994 Vol.3 No.2 www.termlimits.org/index.shtml Fund, John H "Term Limitation: An Idea Whose Time Has Come" Policy Analysis No. 141 October 30, 1990 www.cato.org/pubs/pas/policyanalysis.html "Term Limits Excellent New Strategy" The Florida Times Union October 1, 1996 www.termlimits.org/index.shtml Jacob, Paul "Choosing Term Limits" The Washington Times August 7, 1996 www.termlimits.org Jacob, Paul "Whose Government is it Anyway?" www.termlimits.org/index.shtml Kolbe, John "Term Limits Sledgehammer" Phoenix Gazette June 7, 1996 www.termlimits.org Levine, Herbert M. Point-Counterpoint: Readings in American Government St. Martin's Press, New York. 1995 Nelson, Lars-Erik "A Very Special Class of Federal Employee" The Washington Post January 5, 1996 www.termlimits.org/index.shtml O'Connor, Karen and Larry J. Sabato American Government: Roots and Reform Allyn and Bacon, Massachusetts. 1996 Petracca, Mark "The Poison of Professional Politics" Policy Analysis No. 151 May 10, 1996 www.cato.org/pubs/pas/policyanalysis..html

Loose Control

Lily walked into the crowded cafà © and was greeted by the warm smell of freshly baked bread. Mrs Austell always made the most delicious bread, not that she had eaten much of it lately. The mouth watering smell of Mrs Austell's home made loaf brought back bitter-sweet memories for Lily. Memories of when her life was happy. In control. Lily walked over to the cashier and began to place her order. â€Å"Can I have a bottle of mineral water and†¦Ã¢â‚¬  she stared longingly at the array of chocolate bars on display. If she was really good for the rest of the day†¦ She shook the thought from her mind. Four hundred calories per bar, even if she was good for the rest of the day, it would still take ages to burn off. â€Å"†¦um, yeah that's all thanks,† she finally said as she handed the cashier the money and went over to sit at the circular wooden table by the window. She had just started reading her favourite book when someone sat down next to her. She looked up to see a girl with greasy, peroxide blonde hair pulled back into a tight ponytail. Her ears glittering with fake gold hoops and playboy studs. â€Å"Awright orphan girl?† she asked, tauntingly. â€Å"Leave me alone Olivia,† answered Lily quietly. She tried to concentrate on her book. It was one of her favourites, and although she knew it back-to-front, it was still completely engrossing. It had been a present from her aunt that Christmas when†¦ She tried to hold back her tears, but it was too late, a lump had formed in her throat. She didn't want to cry in front of Olivia, she was bad enough already. Just as Lily began to feel the first mournful tears form, a voice called her above the chatter of the cafà ©. Lily looked up to see Darcey striding through the cafe, her long fiery hair swishing behind her making her look as if she'd just stepped off the catwalk. â€Å"Oh.My.Gosh!† said Darcey as she sat down. â€Å"What?† asked Lily cheerfully, feigning a smile. â€Å"I got the contract!† â€Å"Huh?† â€Å"I've signed with a model agency, Models one to be exact!† squealed Darcey. â€Å"Damn

Free Essays on Guernica

Guernica The piece I chose is Guernica, the mural painted for the Spanish Pavilion of the Paris’s World Fair by Pablo Picasso. Standing at 11'6" x 25'8", its massive size does not help mask the symbolic brutality from its viewers. Using only black, white and grey oil paints, this mural is riddles the canvas with symbolism, begging its viewer to decipher its underlaying message. The Guernica uses its images as a language with Picasso playing narrator the story unveils. Everything in the piece has something more to say than what it is presenting. The inspiration from Guernica came from the destruction of the Basque town of Guernica . This town was destroyed by German aircraft at the request of Spanish Nationalist commander Gen. Emilio Mola. They used a technique called saturation bombing which was later used on a larger scale in World War 2. The bombing killed a countless amount of people. The horse representing the people is being stabbed with a spear, to show the people of Guernica dying. The soldier with the broken sword representing resistance. The candle and lightbulb aluminate the horrific scene and the eye tells all to view what is before them. A woman holding her dead child reminiscent of the pieta and the bull behind her representing brutality . Desperate attempts to escape and people being burned alive only magnify the horrific reality that the of Guernica lived through. Guernica was done in black white and grey to capture the drama. What seems to be newspaper text is almost completely covering the horse. Picasso used this to tell us the truth. All the lines seem to intersect and play a part in each others space. â€Å" The Cubists threw out the traditional techniques of perspective, rejected foreshortening and the imitation of nature. They represented a new reality in paintings that depicted radically fragmented objects in multiple views† -Pioch Cubism gained it name from an art critic by the name of Luis Vaux... Free Essays on Guernica Free Essays on Guernica Guernica The piece I chose is Guernica, the mural painted for the Spanish Pavilion of the Paris’s World Fair by Pablo Picasso. Standing at 11'6" x 25'8", its massive size does not help mask the symbolic brutality from its viewers. Using only black, white and grey oil paints, this mural is riddles the canvas with symbolism, begging its viewer to decipher its underlaying message. The Guernica uses its images as a language with Picasso playing narrator the story unveils. Everything in the piece has something more to say than what it is presenting. The inspiration from Guernica came from the destruction of the Basque town of Guernica . This town was destroyed by German aircraft at the request of Spanish Nationalist commander Gen. Emilio Mola. They used a technique called saturation bombing which was later used on a larger scale in World War 2. The bombing killed a countless amount of people. The horse representing the people is being stabbed with a spear, to show the people of Guernica dying. The soldier with the broken sword representing resistance. The candle and lightbulb aluminate the horrific scene and the eye tells all to view what is before them. A woman holding her dead child reminiscent of the pieta and the bull behind her representing brutality . Desperate attempts to escape and people being burned alive only magnify the horrific reality that the of Guernica lived through. Guernica was done in black white and grey to capture the drama. What seems to be newspaper text is almost completely covering the horse. Picasso used this to tell us the truth. All the lines seem to intersect and play a part in each others space. â€Å" The Cubists threw out the traditional techniques of perspective, rejected foreshortening and the imitation of nature. They represented a new reality in paintings that depicted radically fragmented objects in multiple views† -Pioch Cubism gained it name from an art critic by the name of Luis Vaux...

My First 7 Jobs

My First 7 Jobs You may have caught wind of a Twitter topic, â€Å"First 7 Jobs,† where celebrities and entrepreneurs have been sharing the list of †¦ obviously †¦ their first 7 jobs. What struck me about the lists I saw is that people didn’t seem to have as many â€Å"starter† jobs as I did. Buzz Aldrin’s third job was as a fighter pilot, and by his 4th job he was already an astronaut! I wonder if the following list shows a lack of focus on my part? Or perhaps on the bright side, a sense of curiosity? It’s possible that I started with my moment of fame and am only now rising back up to a position that meets my capabilities! Here’s the list: 1. Sesame Street My parents took my sister and me to audition for Sesame Street when I was 6 years old or so, and we both got the job. I learned that Oscar and Big Bird are the same person, and how to say Rubber Baby Buggy Bumpers many times fast. I learned how to put my checks in the bank and start saving. I also learned that I was not very good at voice over reports on what animals were doing. It’s harder than it looks! 2. Baby Sitting How a mother would trust the safety of a 2-year-old or 7-year-old to me still baffles me. Thankfully there were no mishaps that I can remember. I learned to keep  emergency numbers on the fridge, and not to argue when someone wanted to give me extra money. I discovered that I like kids and am pretty good with them, in small doses. 3. Helping out at my dad’s real estate management office At my dads office,  I learned how to file, collate, and copy. These paper-focused skills are, well, not as useful as they once werebut sometimes I am still the one to figure out how to clear a paper jam. I’ve always been great in an office environment. 4. Cashier at Carrot Top Bakery I got this job because my dad was friends with the owner, and was introduced to the world of bulk baking. I learned that even though I can do math in my head, I need to punch the actual numbers into the cash register so the business has a record of what was purchased (see my blog, How I Messed Up On My First Job- and What You Can Learn From My Mistakes!). When the phone company across the street went on strike, I learned that when you depend on one client for most of your business, you are at great risk. Perhaps this insight sowed the seeds of my entrepreneurial bent. 5. Counselor, Lifeguard and Swim Instructor at a summer camp To explore my â€Å"crunchy granola† side, I went back to my old, favorite summer camp as a counselor. I learned that the place was just as magical as a counselor as it was as a camper. And how to stay out all night without my 12-year-old bunk of campers finding out. Later in life, I used my lifeguarding skills to get free gym memberships when my salary didn’t support that luxury. Later, I shifted to a preference for monthly payments and more free time. 6. Assistant to a Director at the Yale Alumni Association This was a pretty great part-time job when I was in college. I learned how to suck up, and that when you have a position of power, no one will bat an eyelash when you can ask your student employee to run to get your dry cleaning. I also learned how to pick up dry cleaning. This trick of squeezing personal tasks into the workday has served me well as an entrepreneur. 7. Naturalist at Glacier National Park I volunteered for a summer after my sophomore year of college with the Student Conservation Association. In the remote mountains of Montana, I learned that not everyone appreciates my New York attitude. More practically, I gained skills in how to tie food high up in a tree and   make a lot of noise in the woods to warn the bears; and lets not forget the upside-down map tours of the park from behind the visitor center desk. I learned what crampons are. I also learned how to survive for a summer on the food available in a Montana corner store. I liked this outdoorsy type of job, and it led to my 8th job as an environmental education instructor. After that I went back to office jobs. What do you think my first seven jobs say about me? What do yours say about you? I’m curious to hear!

Famous Artworks Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Famous Artworks - Essay Example The second artwork’s subject matter is also about a woman. Comparing it to Masaccio’s The Expulsion of Adamant Eve, the focus could be the facial expressions of the women in the two artworks. From Masaccio’s title of his artwork, it is understood why Eve had such a burdened facial expression. She was actually crying and was so full of remorse that she was expelled from the Garden of Eden. The second artwork on the other hand, shows a woman who seems to have seen something she was afraid of. In conclusion, considering the two artworks, it could be said that the artists tried to portray emotion through their subjects. The third artwork and Boticelli’s Primavera also hold the same subject matter, a beautiful woman. Boticelli uses flowers to accentuate the beauty of his subject and he uses fine lines to give more detail to the features of the woman. The beautiful hair of the woman was brought to life by thin, continuous lines and her lips, nose and other parts of her face are made realistic by the thick brush strokes. The colors of the flowers add to the beauty of the painting and emphasize even more the beholding features of the woman. On the other hand, the third artwork simply depicts the beauty of the woman by concentrating on the subject. Obviously, thin lines were used to define the contours of the woman’s face while thicker brush strokes were used on her hair to bring about a beautiful curly hair.The fourth image portrays another woman who is not looking directly at the painter. but seems to be looking to a distance at an angle from the painter’s view. The veil suggests that the woman is a religious figure. Whatever the circular background is, it seems to have been deliberately used to make it look like a halo around the woman’s head, a figure often used in to portray religious meanings, making her look even more like a heroin with a mission to accomplish. In Raphael’s Galatea, the subject features a si milar facial expression. The woman in the painting is also looking, not at the artist, but towards heaven. This suggests her being a religious figure as well and she is actually a mythical figure that (Addison). Moreover, Galatea is known to be a woman with fair complexion and this feature is obvious in the two artworks. Van der Veyden’s Portrait of a Woman and Portrait of a Lady both share the same subject matter as well. The artist used many similarities as well aside from the subject matter such as the veil, the colors and the use of geometric figures. Both women used veils which suggest the cultural background of the models as well as the era of the art. The veils also are used to bring about the inclination of the artist to use geometric figures in his work (Kren & Marx). In

Gender, sexuality, and race are less biological facts than the outcome Essay

Gender, sexuality, and race are less biological facts than the outcome of contextually-specific discourses and discursive practices. Explain with reference to no more than two aspects of identity - Essay Example al., 1998). Gender discrimination also implies that the people of opposite sex, generally the female section of the society, are more often discriminated as compared to their male counterparts. However, feminists have argued with lieu to the modern phenomenon that professional potentialities and abilities do not differ within the modern society among the two genders. It is rather that gender based or racial discrimination existing in the society restricts them to become at par with the male members that has been affecting communities in their healthy developments (Mottier, 1999). Racism has been a common phenomenon since the past generations, wherein people of different nations have been experiencing the harmful impacts of racial discrimination, especially in their workplaces (Caluya, 2013; Books, 1992). Emphasising these facts, the essay aims at elaborating on the trends of gender, sex and race discriminations prevailing in the society in context to individuals’ identity rela ted aspects. Gender inequality/discrimination has emerged as one of the major issues in this society, which has commonly targeted the female section of the society. Discrimination between the two genders has been prevailing since the early generations affecting a particular section of the society (Alsop et. al., 1998). However, due to the continuous modernization of the society, gender/sexual discrimination has reduced to a certain extent, although such trends are still prevalent in some societies (Weeks, n.d.). According to the past studies, the root cause triggering such discrimination has been related to people having limited concern regarding the biological differences, but emphasise more on the arbitrary dissimilarities between the two genders, considering the outcome as a discursive practice. Undoubtedly, gender inequality/discrimination imposes strong negative impacts on the society, as females are often not considered equal to that of their male counterparts and